Cicoria, the first greens of the season in many gardens, was a mainstay of our spring diet. At our house, it was referred to as Mattioda Lettuce, first given to us by the Mattioda family. It was seeded at the edge of our playground, under our hazelnut trees. Mom made sure a few plants were always left to go to seed, thus ensuring a new crop every spring. This lettuce was often mixed with dandelion greens in our salad bowl. Cicoria is a good example of a xeriscape plant. It can be found growing along roadsides and other marginal areas. It has a blue daisy like flower that if sometimes referred to as a blue daisy.
Another hardy green, that does well in the spring or fall cool weather, is radicchio. Raddichio can be covered in the fall and harvested during the winter. Escarole and Endives complete the picture of the Chicory family. Both these plants are fall and winter storage greens for many families. Endive usually refers to the lacy leaved plants and Escarole to the broad leafed curled chicories. The Birds and the Bees are both welcome guests in our garden. Each morning the finches, nut hatches, chickadees and sparrows give us much joy as they start their day at our feeders. We have switched to squirrel proof feeders and use fine grade sunflower chips as a food source. This has changed our bird visitors to the smaller birds, kept the squirrels at bay and left less mess in the garden. It is always a pleasure to watch birds at the bird bath. But, there is nothing more enjoyable than to watch the antics of larger birds, like our neighbourhood robins, while doing their bath routine. Our Mason Bee hotel started out as a single house and has been growing every year. Mason Bees are great pollinators. Unlike honey bees, they do not have stingers, so they make great garden visitors. Also, they do not move on to new sources of food. They stay in ones garden in close proximity from where they were hatched. They are considered solitary bees. They do not live in hives or colonies. Rather, they lay their eggs in cracks and crevices and remain there until next spring, when they hatch at the first sign of spring heat. We have ours next to our blueberry bushes, and rely on them to pollinate the berries. To ensure they are around at bloom time, it is suggested that the pupae are harvested in the fall, and stored in a refrigerator. At the appropriate time the pupae can be placed back in the hotel. Once the pupae have hatched they spend their time collecting nectar and laying eggs in cracks, crevices or tubes we have supplied in the hotel. These tubes make it easy to harvest the pupae in the fall. Separating each egg in the paper tube, the mason bees add a layer of mud. To facilitate this a small bird bath, filled with mud, is kept near at hand.
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(Italian Version Follows)
After a long winter of eating endive, cabbage and pickles of all sorts, it was always a sure sign of Easter, when a bowlful of dandelion salad was placed on the dinner table. In family gatherings there was always discussion of where to find the best dandelions. Foraging from the native lands, was an activity that was very natural for our ancestors. They brought the foraging custom here with them. The First Nations people, already here, were great foragers, so the early Italian immigrants fit in very well with them. After the depression years, this foraging from nature began to be frowned upon by local authorities. Living with nature has always been a guiding principle in my life. But, growing up on an active farm, I was taught to segregate the crops, grow them in rows and maximize the yield. Since leaving our own farm in 1999, I am now being driven by the ‘living with nature’ concept. No longer are the vegetables grown in rows apart from the flowers. No longer are we trying to maximize the crop. Instead I am trying to integrate all aspects of gardening to be closer to nature. Composting, in many forms, is an underlying aspect of our entire garden. I no longer need to purchase soil amendments, fertilizers or insecticides. Each year many containers of the neighbour’s leaves are added to our own. These are turned into mulches and composts that are all added back into the garden. In our garden we have three types of compost bins. A two compartment, open box type composter, is used for leaves and plant trimmings. I made our current one, a “His and Hers” affair, as a gift for our 33rd romantic? anniversary. A closed, rat proof barrel type, is used for our vegetable peelings. Our third composter, is a worm bin. Our worms get the choicest selection of fruit and vegetable trimmings. Each spring, a couple of trays of super rich worm castings (and a bunch of worms) are added to the leaf compost bin to work their magic. By the fall there is a whole bin full of dark, rich compost, that is used as a top dressing in our garden. To speed up the process, I run the leaves through a shredder before they are composted. Similarly, each fall, I shred leaves to add as a top mulch throughout the garden. I no longer need to purchase additional organic matter for our garden. No longer are bags of leaves set out for the recyclers. Since leaving the farm, I have given up our chipper, so branches and pruning do go to the mulching program undertaken by our Regional District. The end result, is that I feel better about my living with nature, I do not need to purchase garden amendments, the garden is doing well, and I think looks a little more natural… this is something I cherish. Italian Version Translation by Pietro Arrigoni Dopo un lungo inverno passato a mangiare indivia, cavoli e sottaceti di ogni sorta, era sempre un segno sicuro della Pasqua quando una ciotola piena di insalata di tarassaco veniva messa in tavola e nelle riunioni di famiglia si discuteva sempre su dove trovare i migliori denti di leone. Il fare provviste dei prodotti della terra era un'attività molto naturale per i nostri antenati che hanno portato anche qui l'usanza del foraggiamento. I popoli Nativi di queste terre, già qui, erano grandi raccoglitori di provviste, quindi i primi immigrati italiani si adattarono molto bene. Dopo gli anni della depressione, questo foraggiamento dei prodotti della terra cominciò ad essere disapprovato dalle autorità locali. Vivere con la natura è sempre stato un principio guida nella mia vita. Crescendo in una fattoria attiva, mi è stato insegnato a separare le colture, coltivarle in file per massimizzarne il racconto. Da quando ho lasciato la nostra fattoria nel 1999, sono stato guidato dal concetto di "vivere con la natura". Non c’è più l’idea delle verdure coltivate in file, a parte i fiori. Non sto più cercando di massimizzare il raccolto. Sto invece cercando di integrare tutti gli aspetti del giardinaggio per essere più vicino alla natura. Il compostaggio, in molte forme, è un aspetto fondamentale di tutto il nostro giardino. Non ho più bisogno di acquistare ammendanti, fertilizzanti o insetticidi. Ogni anno molti contenitori delle foglie dei vicini vengono aggiunti alla nostra. Questi vengono trasformati in pacciame e compost che vengono aggiunti di nuovo alla terra del nostro giardino, nel quale abbiamo tre tipi di contenitori per il compost. Un compost a due scomparti, a forma di scatola aperta, viene utilizzata per le foglie e le potature delle piante. Quello attuale è stato un affare "per lui e per lei", come regalo per il nostro 33 ° (romantico?) anniversario. Un tipo di barile chiuso, a prova di topo, viene invece utilizzato per gli scarti delle bucce delle verdure. Il nostro terzo compost è un contenitore per i vermi. I nostri vermi mangiano la migliore selezione degli scarti di frutta e verdura. Ogni primavera, un paio di vassoi di vermi vengono aggiunti al bidone del compost di foglie per fare la loro magia. Entro l'autunno c'è un intero bidone pieno di composto scuro e ricco, che viene utilizzato come ottimo fertilizzante nel nostro giardino. Per accelerare il processo, trituro le foglie prima che vengano compostate. Allo stesso modo, ogni autunno, taglio le foglie per aggiungerle come pacciame in tutto il giardino. Non ho più bisogno di acquistare ulteriore materia organica per il nostro orto e non ci sono più sacchi di foglie da dover riciclare. Da quando ho lasciato l'azienda ho rinunciato alla cippatrice, quindi rami e potature vanno al programma di pacciamatura intrapreso dal nostro Distretto Regionale. Il risultato finale è che mi sento meglio rispetto alla mia convivenza con la natura e non ho bisogno di acquistare altri prodotti per il giardino! Il nostro giardino sta andando bene e penso che sembri un po’ più naturale ... e questa è una cosa che adoro!! |
AuthorLife-long Gardener Don Rampone shares his tips and advice for gardening Archives
December 2023
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